The Internet of Things (furthermore referred to as IoT) is the interconnection of uniquely identifiable embedded computing devices within the existing internet infrastructure. In other words, it is a technique using which objects are provided with unique identifiers (the term objects here can be extended to animals or people as well) and are given the ability to transfer data over a network without actual human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction.

‘Things’ in the IoT includes various devices from all walks of life, for example heart monitoring implants, automobiles with built-in sensors or field operation devices that help fire fighters in search and rescue.

It is estimated that by the year 2020, about 26 billion devices will be making using of this technology. Another study claims this number to be around 30 billion. According to a recent study by Pew Research Internet Project, 83% of technology users accepted the fact that IoT will have widespread and beneficial effects by the year 2025.

In order to minimize the effects of this technology on the environment and reduce the energy consumption, low-power radios will most probably be used for connection of the devices to the internet. In addition to this, the implicit embedded nature of the devices under consideration effectively reduces the cost of running.

Billions of devices across a wide variety of industries will make use of IoT in the near future. A few of the applications are as follows:

Industrial Applications:

Control of network and manufacturing processes, management of manufacturing equipment and assets and situation management are included in the spectrum of industrial applications of IoT.

Smart industrial management systems can also be integrated with the IoT using the SmartGrid. This enables real-time energy optimization.

Measurements, automated controls, health and safety management and other functions are accounted for by a large number of sensors acquainted with the network.

Medical and Healthcare Systems:

In the medical field, IoT is used to enable remote health monitoring, ranging from blood pressure and heart rate monitors to advanced devices capable of monitoring implants (such as pacemakers), and emergency notification systems.

In order to monitor the general well-being of senior citizens, specialised sensors can be installed within living spaces. This initiative ensures that proper treatment is being given to those in need.

IoT expands the possibilities for other pro-health devices such as wearable heart monitors.

Building and Home Automation:

Amongst the various applications of IoT is also the monitoring and control of mechanical, electrical and electronic systems used in various types of buildings, such as public and private, industrial, institutions and residential.

By the term ‘Home Automation’, one usually refers to the control of lighting, heating, ventilation, air conditioning, entertainment and home security devices to improve convenience, comfort and security.

Transport Systems:

Communication, control and information processing across various transportation systems can be integrated via IoT. All aspects of transportation systems, i.e. the vehicle, infrastructure and the driver, are covered by IoT.

The Internet of Things is a widely acclaimed technology which is soon finding its place in various fields. In a few years, majority of the world’s electrical devices will make use of this phenomenon for their smooth functioning. This sure is one technical beast to watch out for!